windows 安装mysql 非常之详细

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在安装MySQL数据库时，请按照以下步骤操作： 1. 下载安装包：前往MySQL官方网站（https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/）下载适用于您操作系统的安装包。 2. 解压包：将下载的安装包解压到一个合适的文件夹，例如D:\MySQL\mysql1。 3. 创建my.ini配置文件：在解压后的文件夹中创建一个名为my.ini的文件。使用文本编辑器打开该文件，并添加以下内容： ``` [mysqld] # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. log_bin # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required. basedir = D:\MySQL\mysql1 datadir = D:\MySQL\mysql1\data port = 3306 server_id = ... # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. join_buffer_size = 128M sort_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # Allow maximum connection number max_connections = 200 # Allow connection failures, to prevent attacks on the database system max_connect_errors = 10 # Service default character set character-set-server = utf8mb4 # Create new tables use the default storage engine default-storage_engine = INNODB [mysql] # Set the default client character set default-character-set = utf8mb4 [client] # Set the default client connection port port = 3306 default-character-set = utf8mb4 ``` 4. 使用管理员模式运行MySQL：在命令提示符（cmd）中，导航到解压后的MySQL文件夹的bin目录，例如`D:\MySQL\mysql1\bin`。 5. 初始化MySQL数据库：运行命令`mysqld --initialize --console @localhost:密码`。请记住此密码，稍后将用于登录MySQL。 6. 安装MySQL服务：运行命令`mysqld.exe -install`。如果要更改服务名称，请使用`mysqld.exe -install MySQL2`。 7. 启动MySQL服务：运行命令`net start mysql`。此时，您应该能够通过MySQL命令行工具连接到MySQL服务器。 8. 修改用户表中的主机设置：登录到MySQL后，选择数据库`mysql`，然后更新`user`表中的`host`字段，将其更改为`%`。刷新权限并退出MySQL。 9. 修改MySQL登录密码：使用新密码登录MySQL（`mysql -u root -p`），然后运行命令`alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '你的密码';`。再次退出MySQL。完成以上步骤后，您应该已经成功安装并配置了MySQL数据库。可以使用新密码登录并开始使用MySQL了。

正文

安装

1.下载安装包

2.解压包

3.文件夹内创建my.ini配置文件，并添加内容

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir = D:\\MySQL\\mysql1
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir = D:\\MySQL\\mysql1\\data
# 设置3306端口
port = 3306
# server_id = .....

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 

# 允许最大连接数
max_connections = 200
# 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
max_connect_errors = 10
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server = utf8mb4
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine = INNODB
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[client]
# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3306
default-character-set = utf8mb4

4.使用cmd管理员模式进入mysql的bin目录下

cd D:\MySQL\mysql1\bin

5.执行数据库初始化

mysqld --initialize --console

@localhost:密码

这个密码一定要记住

6.运行安装服务

mysqld.exe -install


如果需要改服务名的话

mysqld.exe -install MySQL2

7.运行

net start mysql

但是目前只能通过localhost也就是本机登录

继续cmd管理员模式进入安装目录的bin文件下

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

输入刚刚保存的密码（这里只能手打不能粘贴）

此时已进入到mysql里面

选择数据库

use mysql

更改user表中的host，把localhost改为%

update user set host='%' where user='root';

刷新权限

flush privileges;

修改mysql登录密码（需要先登录）

alter user'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by '你的密码';

mysql -u root -p