API接口都是提供给第三方服务/客户端调用,所有请求地址以及请求参数都是暴露给用户的。
每次请求一个HTTP请求,用户都可以通过F12,或者抓包工具看到请求的URL链接,然后copy出来。这样是非常不安全的,有人可能会恶意的刷我们的接口,那这时该怎么办呢?
增加一个全局过滤器 获取客户端的IP 限制固定时间内的访问次数即可
第一步:创建全局过滤器 RateLimitFilter
public class RateLimitFilter : ActionFilterAttribute { private const int MaxRequests = 30; //1分钟访问最大频率 private bool StartUp = true; //是否启用 public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context) { if (StartUp) { base.OnActionExecuting(context); string clientId = GetIP(); if (GetCache(clientId) == null) { SetCacheRelativeTime(clientId, 1, 60); } else { var cs = int.Parse(GetCache(clientId).ToString()); SetCacheRelativeTime(clientId, cs += 1, 60); } //var x = int.Parse(GetCache(clientId).ToString()); if (int.Parse(GetCache(clientId).ToString()) > MaxRequests) { //返回值规范不统一 context.Result = new ContentResult { Content = "<script type='text/javascript'>alert('" + clientId + " 访问过于频繁,请稍等片刻!');</script><h1 style='text-align: center; color: red;'>" + clientId + " 访问过于频繁,请稍等片刻!<h1>" }; //返回值规范统一 前端有错误提示 //context.Result = new JsonResult() //{ // Data = new { Result = false, status = false, suc = false, message = "" + clientId + " 访问过于频繁,请稍等片刻!" }, // JsonRequestBehavior = JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet //}; } } } /// <summary> /// 获取客户端IP地址 /// </summary> /// <returns>若失败则返回回送地址</returns> public static string GetIP() { //如果客户端使用了代理服务器,则利用HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR找到客户端IP地址 string userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"]; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress)) { userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"].ToString().Split(',')[0].Trim(); } //否则直接读取REMOTE_ADDR获取客户端IP地址 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress)) { userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"]; } //前两者均失败,则利用Request.UserHostAddress属性获取IP地址,但此时无法确定该IP是客户端IP还是代理IP if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress)) { userHostAddress = HttpContext.Current.Request.UserHostAddress; } //最后判断获取是否成功,并检查IP地址的格式(检查其格式非常重要) if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(userHostAddress) && IsIP(userHostAddress)) { return userHostAddress; } return "127.0.0.1"; } /// <summary> /// 检查IP地址格式 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static bool IsIP(string ip) { return System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(ip, @"^((2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)$"); } #region 设置相对过期时间Cache值(即:访问激活后不过期) /// <summary> /// 设置相对过期时间Cache值(即:访问激活后不过期) /// </summary> /// <param name="objectkey"></param> /// <param name="objObject"></param> /// <param name="timeSpan">超过多少时间不调用就失效,单位是秒</param> public static void SetCacheRelativeTime(string objectkey, object objObject, int timeSpan) { System.Web.Caching.Cache objCache = HttpRuntime.Cache; objCache.Insert(objectkey, objObject, null, DateTime.MaxValue, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeSpan)); } #endregion #region 获取当前应用程序指定CacheKey的Cache值 /// <summary> /// 获取当前应用程序指定CacheKey的Cache值 /// </summary> /// <param name="CacheKey"></param> /// <returns></returns>y public static object GetCache(string CacheKey) { try { System.Web.Caching.Cache objCache = HttpRuntime.Cache; Object value = objCache[CacheKey]; if (value != null) { return value; } else { return null; } } catch (Exception) { return null; } } #endregion }
第二步:FilterConfig
类并注册你的全局过滤器
public class FilterConfig { public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) { filters.Add(new RateLimitFilter()); // 过滤器 } }
第三步:Global.asax 文件中注册全局过滤器
protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles); UnityConfig.RegisterComponents(); // 注册全局过滤器 FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); }