[转帖]linux操作系统环境变量LANG和NLS_LANG的区别

linux,操作系统,环境变量,lang,nls,区别 · 浏览次数 : 0

小编点评

The provided context explains the importance of setting the `LANG` and `NLS_LANG` environment variables for Oracle database operations in a Linux system. **LANG** * Specifies the default character set for displaying messages and prompts. * In this case, `zh_CN.GB2312` is used. **NLS_LANG** * Sets the default character set for holding Unicode characters. * In this case, `AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK` is used. **Environment Variables and Oracle Database** * `localeLANG` sets the default character set for the system, which is `zh_CN.gb2312`. * `NLS_LANG` sets the specific character set used for holding Unicode characters, which is `AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK`. **Setting Environment Variables** * `export` command sets the `LANG` variable to `zh_CN.GB2312` and `NLS_LANG` variable to `AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK` within the current shell session. **Output** * The code demonstrates the effect of setting these environment variables: * `zh_CN.GB2312` is used for displaying messages and prompts in the terminal. * `AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK` is used for holding Unicode characters. **Summary** * The environment variables `LANG` and `NLS_LANG` are used to configure Oracle database interactions in a Linux system. * These variables determine the character set used for displaying messages, prompts, and holding Unicode characters. * Setting these variables ensures that the Oracle database will use the correct character set, enabling proper Unicode support.

正文

https://www.jb51.net/LINUXjishu/157727.html

例如：

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代码如下:

export LANG=zh_CN.GB2312
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

$export LANG=zh_CN.GB2312
$date
2012年 11月 27日星期二 16:20:35 CST

显示是中文界面。

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代码如下:

$export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Nov 27 16:19:03 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE
------------
27-NOV-12

显示的是英文环境，但只对ORACLE程序生效。

Linux系统中关于环境变量的LANG设置主要有下列项目：

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代码如下:

[root@blliu tmp]# locale
LANG=zh_CN.gb2312
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.gb2312"
LC_ALL=

这里LC_ALL没有设置，如果它设置了，上面所有的设置都无效的，系统会读取LC_ALL。
locale -a 查看本地字符集
locale -m 查看所有支持的字符集

在Oracle数据库中查NLS_LANG设置：

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代码如下:

SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM DATABASE_PROPERTIES
3 WHERE PROPERTY_NAME IN
4 ('NLS_LANGUAGE', 'NLS_TERRITORY', 'NLS_CHARACTERSET');

PROPERTY_NAME PROPERTY_VALUE DESCRIPTION
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN Language
NLS_TERRITORY AMERICA Territory