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方法：1、“show charset”语句，查看MYSQL所支持的字符集；2、“show create database 库名\G”语句，查看库的字符集；3、“show full columns from 表名”，查看表中所有列的字符集。
本教程操作环境：windows7系统、mysql8版本、Dell G3电脑。
查看字符集
1、查看MYSQL数据库服务器和数据库字符集
方法一：show variables like '%character%';
方法二：show variables like 'collation%';
方法一：
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql5535/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
方法二：
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、查看MYSQL所支持的字符集
使用show charset可查看MYSQL所支持的字符集
mysql> show charset;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 |
| hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 |
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 |
| ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 |
| ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 |
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 |
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |
| macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 |
| macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 |
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 |
| utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 |
| utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
39 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、查看库的字符集
语法：show create database 数据库\G;
mysql> show create database shiyan\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Database: shiyan
Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `shiyan` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4、查看表的字符集
语法：show table status from 库名 like 表名;
mysql> show table status from class_7 like 'test_info';
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-
| Name | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Avg_row_length | Data_leate_time | Update_time | Check_time | Collation | Checksum |
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-
| test_info | InnoDB | 10 | Compact | 10 | 1638 | 17-12-05 19:01:55 | NULL | NULL | utf8_general_ci | NULL |
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+----------------+-------------------------+-------------+------------+-----------------+----------+-
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5、查看表中所有列的字符集
语法：show full columns from 表名;
mysql> show full columns from test_info;
+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+
| Field | Type | Collation | Null | Key | Default | Extra | Privileges | Comment |
+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+
| id | int(3) | NULL | NO | PRI | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| name | char(12) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| dorm | char(10) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
| addr | char(12) | utf8_general_ci | YES | | 未知 | | select,insert,update,references | |
| score | int(3) | NULL | YES | | NULL | | select,insert,update,references | |
+-------+----------+-----------------+------+-----+---------+-------+---------------------------------+---------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以上就是如何查询mysql的字符集的全部内容了，更多与如何查询mysql的字符集相关的内容可以搜索亿速云之前的文章或者浏览下面的文章进行学习哈！相信小编会给大家增添更多知识,希望大家能够支持一下亿速云！