openGauss来源于PostgreSQL 9.2.4
pg使用c实现，gs使用c++实现
一个实例多个库
单机HA不是支持一主一备，提供高可靠和读扩展，备机最多8套。
主备部署模块说明：
OM运维管理模块：提供日常运维、配置管理接口，工具在企业版中有，容器和精简安装没有
客户端驱动：Client Driver负责接受应用访问请求。并返回结果集。
openGauss主备：Datanode负责存储业务数据、执行查询任务及向客户端返回执行结果。
3.0开始有集群管理软件CM，管理多个节点主备切换。
下载路径：
软件包 (opengauss.org)
安装环境：
Centos 7.9
openGauss 3.0.0
安装依赖包
yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk* psmisc bzip2 python3 python3-devel lksctp*
yum install -y libaio-devel flex bison ncurses-devel glibc-devel patch redhat-lsb-core
配置/etc/hosts主机名
万兆网卡设置backupIP网卡的MTU值(建议默认1500)
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34
MTU=8192 ## 可能需要网络工程师协助修改网络设备端口MTU配置，万兆
关闭SELINUX和防火墙
vi /etc/selinux/config
---------------------------
SELINUX=disabled
---------------------------
systemctl status firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
配置用户变量
vi ~/.bash_profile
---------------------------
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
---------------------------
source ~/.bash_profile
禁用RemoveIPC(openEuler环境)
vi /etc/systemd/logind.conf
------------------
RemoveIPC=no
------------------
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-logind.service
------------------
RemoveIPC=no
-----------------
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart systemd-logind
关闭swap
vi /etc/fstab ## 注释掉swap分区挂载
swapoff -a ## 关闭swap
关闭透明页[Only for CentOS]
## 临时关闭透明页
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
## 编译grub，内核层面关闭透明页
sed -i '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX/d' /etc/default/grub
echo "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"rhgb quiet transparent_hugepage=never\"" >> /etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
时区配置
[root@db1 ~]# ll /etc/localtime
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 35 Apr 27 22:06 /etc/localtime -> ../usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai
#如果时区不正确，则重新创建时区模板的软链接为/etc/localtime(此处以上海时间为例)
[root@db1 ~]# rm -fr /etc/localtime
[root@db1 ~]# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
系统资源限制
echo "* soft stack 3072" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "* hard stack 3072" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "* soft nofile 1000000" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "* hard nofile 1000000" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "* soft nproc unlimited" >> /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
tail -n 4 /etc/security/limits.conf
tail -n 1 /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
系统内核参数配置
#####手动修改值
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
net.ipv4.tcp_retries1 = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 5
net.sctp.path_max_retrans = 10
net.sctp.max_init_retransmits = 10
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 60
EOF
#sysctl -p
########脚本自动修改的值如下：
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 10000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_retries2 = 12
net.ipv4.ip_local_reserved_ports = 20050-20057,26000-26007
net.core.wmem_max = 21299200
net.core.rmem_max = 21299200
net.core.wmem_default = 21299200
net.core.rmem_default = 21299200
kernel.sem = 250 6400000 1000 25600
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 8192 250000 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 8192 250000 16777216
vm.min_free_kbytes = 399514
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 65535
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65535
net.core.somaxconn = 65535
kernel.shmall = 1152921504606846720
kernel.shmmax = 18446744073709551615
创建目录并解压安装包
mkdir -p /opt/software/openGauss
chmod 755 -R /opt/software
cd /opt/software/openGauss
3.0
tar -zxvf openGauss-3.0.0-CentOS-64bit-all.tar.gz
tar -zxvf openGauss-3.0.0-CentOS-64bit-om.tar.gz
单实例安装配置XML配置文件（类似oracle静默安装配置文件）
该文件包含部署openGauss的服务器信息、安装路径、IP地址以及端口号等，用于告知openGauss如何部署。
更多配置详细见：创建 Xml配置文件 (opengauss.org)
多节点模板路径：/opt/software/openGauss/script/gspylib/etc/conf/cluster_config_template.xml（3.1）
–单节点单节点配置文件：
vi /opt/software/openGauss/clusterconfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ROOT>
<!-- openGauss整体信息 -->
<CLUSTER>
<!-- 数据库名称 -->
<PARAM name="clusterName" value="syc" />
<!-- 数据库节点名称(hostname) -->
<PARAM name="nodeNames" value="dbtestenv" />
<!-- 数据库安装目录-->
<PARAM name="gaussdbAppPath" value="/opengauss/install/app" />
<!-- 日志目录-->
<PARAM name="gaussdbLogPath" value="/opengauss/omm" />
<!-- 临时文件目录-->
<PARAM name="tmpMppdbPath" value="/opengauss/tmp" />
<!-- 数据库工具目录-->
<PARAM name="gaussdbToolPath" value="/opengauss/install/om" />
<!-- 数据库core文件目录-->
<PARAM name="corePath" value="/opengauss/corefile" />
<!-- 节点IP，与数据库节点名称列表一一对应 -->
<PARAM name="backIp1s" value="192.168.56.50"/>
</CLUSTER>
<!-- 每台服务器上的节点部署信息 -->
<DEVICELIST>
<!-- 节点1上的部署信息 -->
<DEVICE sn="node1_hostname">
<!-- 节点1的主机名称 -->
<PARAM name="name" value="dbtestenv"/>
<!-- 节点1所在的AZ及AZ优先级 -->
<PARAM name="azName" value="AZ1"/>
<PARAM name="azPriority" value="1"/>
<!-- 节点1的IP，如果服务器只有一个网卡可用，将backIP1和sshIP1配置成同一个IP -->
<PARAM name="backIp1" value="192.168.56.50"/>
<PARAM name="sshIp1" value="192.168.56.50"/>
<!--dbnode-->
<PARAM name="dataNum" value="1"/>
<PARAM name="dataPortBase" value="15400"/>
<PARAM name="dataNode1" value="/opengauss/install/data/dn01"/>
<PARAM name="dataNode1_syncNum" value="0"/>
</DEVICE>
</DEVICELIST>
</ROOT>
执行安装前检查
cat>> /etc/profile<<EOF
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/software/openGauss/script/gspylib/clib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PGDATA=/opengauss/install/data/dn01
EOF
cd /opt/software/openGauss/script
./gs_preinstall -U omm -G dbgrp -X /opt/software/openGauss/clusterconfig.xml
[root@dbtestenv script]# ./gs_preinstall -U omm -G dbgrp -X /opt/software/openGauss/clusterconfig.xml
Parsing the configuration file.
Successfully parsed the configuration file.
Installing the tools on the local node.
Successfully installed the tools on the local node.
Setting host ip env
Successfully set host ip env.
Are you sure you want to create the user[omm] (yes/no)? yes
Preparing SSH service.
Successfully prepared SSH service.
Checking OS software.
Successfully check os software.
Checking OS version.
Successfully checked OS version.
Creating cluster's path.
Successfully created cluster's path.
Set and check OS parameter.
Setting OS parameters.
Successfully set OS parameters.
Warning: Installation environment contains some warning messages.
Please get more details by "/opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_checkos -i A -h dbtestenv --detail".
Set and check OS parameter completed.
Preparing CRON service.
Successfully prepared CRON service.
Setting user environmental variables.
Successfully set user environmental variables.
Setting the dynamic link library.
Successfully set the dynamic link library.
Setting Core file
Successfully set core path.
Setting pssh path
Successfully set pssh path.
Setting Cgroup.
Successfully set Cgroup.
Set ARM Optimization.
No need to set ARM Optimization.
Fixing server package owner.
Setting finish flag.
Successfully set finish flag.
Preinstallation succeeded.
------------------
查看具体的检查信息（可选）:
/opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_checkos -i A -h dbtestenv --detail
--------------------
Checking items:
A1. [ OS version status ] : Normal
[dbtestenv]
centos_7.9.2009_64bit
A2. [ Kernel version status ] : Normal
The names about all kernel versions are same. The value is "3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64".
A3. [ Unicode status ] : Normal
The values of all unicode are same. The value is "LANG=en_US.UTF-8".
A4. [ Time zone status ] : Normal
The informations about all timezones are same. The value is "+0800".
A5. [ Swap memory status ] : Normal
The value about swap memory is correct.
A6. [ System control parameters status ] : Normal
All values about system control parameters are correct.
A7. [ File system configuration status ] : Normal
Both soft nofile and hard nofile are correct.
A8. [ Disk configuration status ] : Normal
The value about XFS mount parameters is correct.
A9. [ Pre-read block size status ] : Normal
The value about Logical block size is correct.
A10.[ IO scheduler status ] : Normal
The value of IO scheduler is correct.
A11.[ Network card configuration status ] : Warning
[dbtestenv]
BondMode Null
Warning reason: network 'enp0s3' 'mtu' RealValue '1500' ExpectedValue '8192'
A12.[ Time consistency status ] : Warning
[dbtestenv]
The NTPD not detected on machine and local time is "2022-11-27 18:32:37".
A13.[ Firewall service status ] : Normal
The firewall service is stopped.
A14.[ THP service status ] : Normal
The THP service is stopped.
Total numbers:14. Abnormal numbers:0. Warning numbers:2.
--------------------
执行数据库安装
修改目录权限
cd /opt/software/openGauss/script
chmod -R 755 /opt/software/openGauss/script
chown -R omm:dbgrp /opt/software/openGauss/script
执行数据库安装脚本
# su - omm
$ cd /opt/software/openGauss/script
$ cp ../clusterconfig.xml .
$ gs_install -X /opt/software/openGauss/script/clusterconfig.xml
安装同时配置实例参数(可选)
su - omm
cd /opt/software/openGauss/script
gs_install -X /opt/software/openGauss/script/clusterconfig.xml \
--gsinit-parameter="--encoding=UTF8" \
--dn-guc="max_connections=5000" \
--dn-guc="max_process_memory=2GB" \
--dn-guc="shared_buffers=1GB" \
--dn-guc="bulk_write_ring_size=2GB" \
--dn-guc="cstore_buffers=1GB"
检测数据库状态
su - omm
$ gs_om -t start
$ gs_om -t status --detail
------------
[ Cluster State ]
cluster_state : Normal
redistributing : No
current_az : AZ_ALL
[ Datanode State ]
node node_ip port instance state
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 dbtestenv 192.168.56.50 15400 6001 /opengauss/install/data/dn01 P Primary Normal
------------
$ gsql -d postgres -p 15400 -r
gsql ((openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:34 commit 0 last mr )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# postgres=# \l
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+-------+-----------+---------+-------+-------------------
postgres | omm | SQL_ASCII | C | C |
template0 | omm | SQL_ASCII | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
template1 | omm | SQL_ASCII | C | C | =c/omm +
| | | | | omm=CTc/omm
(3 rows)
postgres=# select version();
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(openGauss 3.0.0 build 02c14696) compiled at 2022-04-01 18:12:34 commit 0 last mr on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by g++ (GCC) 7.3.0, 64-bit
(1 row)
数据库卸载清除
1.卸载数据库
$ gs_uninstall --delete-data
Checking uninstallation.
Successfully checked uninstallation.
Stopping the cluster.
Successfully stopped cluster.
Successfully deleted instances.
Uninstalling application.
Successfully uninstalled application.
Uninstallation succeeded.
2.一键式环境清理
# ./gs_postuninstall -U omm -X /u01/app/software/script/clusterconfig.xml --delete-user --delete-group
Parsing the configuration file.
Successfully parsed the configuration file.
Check log file path.
Successfully checked log file path.
Checking unpreinstallation.
Successfully checked unpreinstallation.
Deleting the instance's directory.
Successfully deleted the instance's directory.
Deleting the temporary directory.
Successfully deleted the temporary directory.
Deleting software packages and environmental variables of the local node.
Successfully deleted software packages and environmental variables of the local nodes.
Deleting local OS user.
Successfully deleted local OS user.
Deleting local node's logs.
Successfully deleted local node's logs.
Successfully cleaned environment.
3.删除残留目录
[root@node1 install]# ll
total 0
drwx------ 2 1001 dbgrp 6 May 19 17:43 app_78689da9
drwx------ 3 1001 dbgrp 16 May 19 15:54 data
drwx------ 2 1001 dbgrp 6 May 19 17:58 om[root@db1
~]# rm -fr /opt/huawei