https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/518188074
美国主要制裁清单及检索网址如下:
1. SDN(Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List,即特别指定国民清单)清单[依据:美国13662号总统行政命令及4个指引[1],该清单专门针对俄罗斯经济实体(主要是金融、能源、国防行业)]
https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/。
2. Non-SDN清单(主要包括NS-MBS清单、SSI清单、CAPTA清单):
https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/。
(1) CAPTA清单(List of Foreign Financial Institutions Subject to Correspondent Account or Payable-Through Account Sanctions,即代理行通汇账户清单), 针对违反CAATSA法案、《朝鲜制裁条例》、《伊朗金融制裁条例》(Iranian Financial Sanctions Regulations)、2014年《支持乌克兰自由法案》的主体制定的清单
(2) SSI清单(Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List,即行业制裁识别清单);
(3) NS-MBS 清单(Non-SDN Menu-Based Sanctions List,即菜单式制裁名单)
OFAC根据14024号总统行政命令制定,在实施不完全的封锁制裁或受货物进口法定例外限制的封锁禁令时,OFAC 将把受制裁者的姓名和其他相关标识符列入 NS-MBS 名单。[2]
3. DPL(Denied Persons List,即拒绝往来名单)清单:
https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/policy-guidance/lists-of-parties-of-concern/denied-persons-list。
由商务部工业与安全局(Bureau of Industry and Security,简称“BIS”)取消出口、再出口特权的个人和企业组成[3],例如违反美国出口管制的个人和实体。
4. EL(Entity List, 即实体清单)清单:
https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/policy-guidance/lists-of-parties-of-concern/entity-list。
由BIS管理,该清单内是美国政府认为可能将美国出口的产品和技术转变为发展大规模杀伤性武器的外国最终用户组成[4],是否列入该名单由最终用户审查委员会(End-User Review Committee,简称“ERC”)进行审查决定。
5. SWIFT清单:
https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0608。
建议各存在跨境业务的企业对交易对手进行名单制管理,通过以上网站自查。
[1] https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/sanctions-programs-and-country-information/ukraine-russia-related-sanctions#directives
[2] https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/consolidated-sanctions-list-non-sdn-lists/non-sdn-menu-based-sanctions-list-ns-mbs-list
[3] SPECIALLY DESIGNATED NATIONALS (SDNS) AND THE SDN LIST,FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS, 56,网址:https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/faqs/56
[4] SPECIALLY DESIGNATED NATIONALS (SDNS) AND THE SDN LIST,FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS, 56,网址:https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions/faqs/56