环境：Single Instance -> RAC
Single Instance:
RAC（2 nodes）:
上述为这里我做为演示环境的基本规划。
本文作为step by step的快速指导手册，方便快速部署此类ADG环境。
依据之前的文章
历史文章步骤已经很全且描述的很细致，本篇复用之前的章节风格，尽可能简洁化，方便熟练后直接引用。
关于前两部分：这里默认准备就绪：
对于后面的章节，列举如下：
3.1 数据库归档模式
sqlplus / as sysdba startup mount alter database archivelog; alter database open;复制
3.2 Force Logging
alter database force logging; select FORCE_LOGGING FROM V$DATABASE;复制
3.3 主库参数文件修改
使用下面语句查询现在DG相关参数的设置情况：
set linesize 500 col value for a70 col name for a50 select name, value from v$parameter where name in ('db_name','db_unique_name','log_archive_config', 'log_archive_dest_1','log_archive_dest_2', 'log_archive_dest_state_1','log_archive_dest_state_2', 'remote_login_passwordfile', 'log_archive_format','log_archive_max_processes','fal_server','db_file_name_convert', 'log_file_name_convert', 'standby_file_management');复制
修改参数值：
alter system set log_archive_config= 'DG_CONFIG=(demo,demorac)'; alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=demo'; alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=demorac VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=demorac'; alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable; alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable; alter system set FAL_SERVER='demorac'; alter system set db_file_name_convert='+DATADG/demorac','/flash/oradata/DEMO' scope=spfile; alter system set log_file_name_convert='+DATADG/demorac','/flash/oradata/DEMO','+ARCHDG/DEMORAC','/flash/fast_recovery_area/DEMO' scope=spfile; alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO;复制
3.4 创建SRLs
select member from v$logfile; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_11.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_12.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_13.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 14 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_14.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 21 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_21.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 22 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_22.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 23 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_23.log' size 209715200; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 24 '/flash/oradata/DEMO/standby_group_24.log' size 209715200; select * from v$standby_log;复制
3.5 备份数据库
采用duplicate方式创建备库，无需手工备份数据库。
3.6 创建备库参数文件
create pfile='pfile_for_standby.txt' from spfile;复制
默认存在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下。
3.7 更新tnsnames.ora文件
DEMO = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.4)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = demo) ) ) LISTENER_DEMO = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.4)(PORT = 1521)) DEMORAC = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.15)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = demorac) ) ) DEMORAC1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.13)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = demorac) (SID = jydb1) ) ) DEMORAC2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.14)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = demorac) (SID = jydb2) ) ) LISTENER_DEMORAC1 = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.13)(PORT = 1521)) LISTENER_DEMORAC2 = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.14)(PORT = 1521))复制
这里需要注意service_name，sid的配置符合部署环境要求，然后同步该文件到备库：
[oracle@bogon admin]$ scp tnsnames.ora 192.168.1.11:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/network/admin [oracle@bogon admin]$ scp tnsnames.ora 192.168.1.12:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/network/admin复制
4.1 拷贝主库参数文件
拷贝主库参数文件到备库所有节点：
[oracle@bogon dbs]$ scp pfile_for_standby.txt 192.168.1.11:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/dbs [oracle@bogon dbs]$ scp pfile_for_standby.txt 192.168.1.12:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/dbs复制
4.2 拷贝密码文件
拷贝主库密码文件到备库所有节点：
[oracle@bogon dbs]$ scp orapwdemo 192.168.1.11:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/dbs/orapwjydb1 [oracle@bogon dbs]$ scp orapwdemo 192.168.1.12:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/dbs/orapwjydb2复制
注意:
orapw<sid>;4.3 创建备库需要的目录
# Using Oracle User, On all nodes:
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/demorac/adump
复制4.4 修改备库参数文件
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/demorac/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_files='+DATADG'
#*.control_files='+DATADG/DEMORAC/CONTROLFILE/current.256.1127325539'#Restore Controlfile
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_file_name_convert='/flash/oradata/DEMO','+DATADG/DEMORAC'
*.db_name='demo'
*.db_unique_name='demorac'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+ARCHDG'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=15360m
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=demoracXDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.fal_server='demo'
jydb1.local_listener='LISTENER_DEMORAC1'
jydb2.local_listener='LISTENER_DEMORAC2'
*.remote_listener='db01rac-scan:1521'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(demo,demorac)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=demorac'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=demo VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=demo'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.log_file_name_convert='/flash/oradata/DEMO','+DATADG/DEMORAC','/flash/fast_recovery_area/DEMO','+ARCHDG/DEMORAC'
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=2048m
*.processes=2560
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=4096m
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.cluster_database=TRUE
jydb1.instance_number=1
jydb2.instance_number=2
jydb1.thread=1
jydb2.thread=2
jydb1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
jydb2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
复制注意：这里添加了新的参数，比如：cluster_database、db_unique_name、remote_listener、jydb1.、jydb2. 等参数，另外按照ADG要求修改之前相关配置，检查确认符合要求即可。
4.5 拷贝tnsnames.ora文件
在3.7步骤中已同步完成，检查已同步成功即可。
4.6 创建ASM相关目录
ASMCMD> mkdir +datadg/DEMORAC
ASMCMD> cd +datadg/DEMORAC
ASMCMD> mkdir PDBSEED PDB1 PDB2
复制注意：这里测试过，如果不创建这些子目录在duplicate时会报错对应的目录条目不存在。
5.1 使用启动实例到nomount状态
sqlplus / as sysdba startup nomount pfile=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/pfile_for_standby.txt复制
5.2 初始化standby数据库
使用duplicate命令创建standby数据库，需要临时配置静态监听。
静态监听配置：
[grid@db01rac1 admin]$ pwd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/network/admin [grid@db01rac1 admin]$ vi listener.ora 尾部增加内容： SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = demorac) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = jydb1) ) ) [grid@db01rac1 admin]$ lsnrctl reload [oracle@db01rac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@demorac1 as sysdba复制
使用duplicate命令创建standby数据库:
vi dup.sh rman target sys/oracle@demo auxiliary sys/oracle@demorac1 <<EOF DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY from active database NOFILENAMECHECK; EOF [oracle@db01rac1 ~]$ nohup sh dup.sh & [oracle@db01rac1 ~]$ tail -200f nohup.out复制
5.3 确认已创建ORLs和SRLs
# 添加RAC实例2的ORLs：
# SQL> recover managed standby database cancel;
alter system set standby_file_management=manual;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 4 '+DATADG' size 209715200;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 5 '+DATADG' size 209715200;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 6 '+DATADG' size 209715200;
# recover managed standby database disconnect;
alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
SELECT MEMBER FROM V$LOGFILE;
# SRLs确认，可以选择删除重建符合要求的。
复制5.4 确认备库tnsnames.ora
之前已从主库同步过该配置文件。
5.5 启动MRP
RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT;复制
为了更直观的确保实时同步，可创建一个测试表（选做）
# 创建测试表，验证ADG同步状态；
create table test (id number);
insert into test values(1);
commit;
select * from test;
复制5.6 创建spfile然后使用spfile启动数据库
指定RAC各个节点的参数文件init
create spfile='+datadg' from pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/pfile_for_standby.txt'; [oracle@db01rac1 dbs]$ cat initjydb1.ora spfile='+DATADG/DEMORAC/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.286.1127387689' [oracle@db01rac2 dbs]$ cat initjydb2.ora spfile='+DATADG/DEMORAC/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.286.1127387689'复制
在数据库启动时也可以在alert日志中确认使用了正确的参数文件。
可以在备库根据下面的SQL查询相关的信息：
col name for a22 col value for a22 col SOURCE_DB_UNIQUE_NAME for a10 set lines 180 select * from v$dataguard_stats;复制
同步状态的结果类似如下：
SOURCE_DBID SOURCE_DB_ NAME VALUE UNIT TIME_COMPUTED DATUM_TIME CON_ID ----------- ---------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- 0 transport lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 01/29/2023 17:48:12 01/29/2023 17:48:12 0 0 apply lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 01/29/2023 17:48:12 01/29/2023 17:48:12 0 0 apply finish time +00 00:00:00.000 day(2) to second(3) interval 01/29/2023 17:48:12 0 0 estimated startup time 11 second 01/29/2023 17:48:12 0复制
其他常用查询语句：
select * from v$archive_gap; select process, client_process, sequence#, status from v$managed_standby; select sequence#, first_time, next_time, applied from v$archived_log; select archived_thread#, archived_seq#, applied_thread#, applied_seq# from v$archive_dest_status; select thread#, max (sequence#) from v$log_history group by thread#; select thread#, max (sequence#) from v$archived_log where APPLIED='YES' group by thread#;复制
最后我们需要把Standby RAC的数据库和实例都添加到OCR中，使他们能够方便被CRS所管理：
--oracle user: crsctl stat res -t srvctl add database -db demorac -dbname demo -oraclehome /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1 -dbtype RAC -spfile +DATADG/DEMORAC/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.286.1127387689 -role physical_standby -diskgroup DATADG,ARCHDG srvctl add instance -db demorac -instance jydb1 -node db01rac1 srvctl add instance -db demorac -instance jydb2 -node db01rac2 srvctl start database -db demorac复制
添加完成后，crsctl stat res -t 显示的资源可以看到我们的备库信息：
ora.demorac.db 1 ONLINE ONLINE db01rac1 Open,Readonly,HOME=/ u01/app/oracle/produ ct/19.3.0/db_1,STABL E 2 ONLINE ONLINE db01rac2 Open,Readonly,HOME=/ u01/app/oracle/produ ct/19.3.0/db_1,STABL E复制
至此，单实例Primary快速搭建Standby RAC已完成。