通过Nanoframework
的蓝牙配置Wifi的名称和密码
下面是基本需要的工具
ESP32设备一个 需要支持蓝牙和wifi,一般情况的ESP32都支持wifi和蓝牙,当前教程使用的ESP32的接口是Type-C
设备实物图片:
部署好的ESP32
的NanoFramework
环境
刷支持蓝牙的固件
nanoff --update --target ESP32_BLE_REV0 --serialport COM5 --fwversion 1.8.1.292 --baud 1500000
VS扩展安装好NanoFramework
扩展
准备好手机下载蓝牙调试APP,我用的是这个
using nanoFramework.Device.Bluetooth;
using nanoFramework.Device.Bluetooth.GenericAttributeProfile;
using nanoFramework.Networking;
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using static Gotrays.Program;
namespace Gotrays
{
public class Program
{
static GattLocalCharacteristic _readCharacteristic;
static GattLocalCharacteristic _readWriteCharacteristic;
// Read/Write Characteristic value
static byte _redValue = 128;
static byte _greenValue = 128;
static byte _blueValue = 128;
public static void Main()
{
var wifi = ConfigHelper.GetWifi();
// 如果存在wifi配置尝试链接wifi
if (wifi.Password != null)
{
try
{
CancellationTokenSource cs = new(60000);
var success = WifiNetworkHelper.ConnectDhcp(wifi.Name, wifi.Password, requiresDateTime: true, token: cs.Token);
}
catch (Exception)
{
Debug.WriteLine("尝试链接WiFi失败");
}
}
// BluetoothLEServer是一个单例对象,因此获得它的实例。对象是在您第一次访问它时创建的
// 可以释放内存。
BluetoothLEServer server = BluetoothLEServer.Instance;
// 给设备命名
server.DeviceName = "TokenIOT";
// 定义一些自定义uid
Guid serviceUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA87-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
Guid readCharUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA88-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
Guid readStaticCharUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA89-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
Guid readWriteCharUuid = new Guid("A7EEDF2C-DA8A-4CB5-A9C5-5151C78B0057");
// GattServiceProvider用于创建和发布主服务定义。
// 将自动创建一个额外的设备信息服务。
GattServiceProviderResult result = GattServiceProvider.Create(serviceUuid);
if (result.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
{
return;
}
GattServiceProvider serviceProvider = result.ServiceProvider;
// 从提供者处创建主服务
GattLocalService service = serviceProvider.Service;
#region Static read characteristic
// 现在我们给服务添加一个特性
//如果读取值不会改变,那么你可以使用Static值
DataWriter sw = new DataWriter();
sw.WriteString("这是蓝牙示例1");
GattLocalCharacteristicResult characteristicResult = service.CreateCharacteristic(readStaticCharUuid,
new GattLocalCharacteristicParameters()
{
CharacteristicProperties = GattCharacteristicProperties.Read,
UserDescription = "我的静态特性",
StaticValue = sw.DetachBuffer()
});
if (characteristicResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
{
// An error occurred.
return;
}
#endregion
#region Create Characteristic for dynamic Reads
// 对于变更为业务的数据,增加“读特性”
// 我们还希望连接的客户端在值改变时得到通知,所以我们添加了notify属性
characteristicResult = service.CreateCharacteristic(readCharUuid,
new GattLocalCharacteristicParameters()
{
CharacteristicProperties = GattCharacteristicProperties.Read | GattCharacteristicProperties.Notify,
UserDescription = "我的阅读特点"
});
if (characteristicResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
{
// An error occurred.
return;
}
// 查阅我们的read特性
_readCharacteristic = characteristicResult.Characteristic;
// 每次从客户端请求该值时,都会调用此事件
_readCharacteristic.ReadRequested += ReadCharacteristic_ReadRequested;
#endregion
#region Create Characteristic for RGB read/write
characteristicResult = service.CreateCharacteristic(readWriteCharUuid,
new GattLocalCharacteristicParameters()
{
CharacteristicProperties = GattCharacteristicProperties.Read | GattCharacteristicProperties.Write,
UserDescription = "My Read/Write Characteristic"
});
if (characteristicResult.Error != BluetoothError.Success)
{
// An error occurred.
return;
}
// 查阅我们的read特性
_readWriteCharacteristic = characteristicResult.Characteristic;
//每次从客户端请求该值时,都会调用此事件
_readWriteCharacteristic.WriteRequested += _readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested;
_readWriteCharacteristic.ReadRequested += _readWriteCharacteristic_ReadRequested;
#endregion
#region Start Advertising
// 一旦所有的特征已经创建,你需要广告的服务,所以
// 其他设备可以看到它。这里我们也说设备也可以连接
// 设备可以看到它。
serviceProvider.StartAdvertising(new GattServiceProviderAdvertisingParameters()
{
IsConnectable = true,
IsDiscoverable = true
});
#endregion
Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取特性的事件处理程序。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">GattLocalCharacteristic object</param>
/// <param name="ReadRequestEventArgs"></param>
private static void ReadCharacteristic_ReadRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattReadRequestedEventArgs ReadRequestEventArgs)
{
GattReadRequest request = ReadRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
// Get Buffer with hour/minute/second
//request.RespondWithValue(GetTimeBuffer());
}
/// <summary>
/// 读/写特性的读事件处理程序。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="ReadRequestEventArgs"></param>
private static void _readWriteCharacteristic_ReadRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattReadRequestedEventArgs ReadRequestEventArgs)
{
GattReadRequest request = ReadRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
DataWriter dw = new DataWriter();
dw.WriteByte((Byte)_redValue);
dw.WriteByte((Byte)_greenValue);
dw.WriteByte((Byte)_blueValue);
request.RespondWithValue(dw.DetachBuffer());
Debug.WriteLine($"RGB read");
}
/// <summary>
/// 读写特性的写处理程序。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="WriteRequestEventArgs"></param>
private static void _readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested(GattLocalCharacteristic sender, GattWriteRequestedEventArgs WriteRequestEventArgs)
{
GattWriteRequest request = WriteRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
var size = request.Value.Length;
// 从缓冲区解包数据
DataReader rdr = DataReader.FromBuffer(request.Value);
var buffer = new byte[request.Value.Length];
rdr.ReadBytes(buffer);
// 如果Write需要响应,则响应
if (request.Option == GattWriteOption.WriteWithResponse)
{
request.Respond();
}
// 定义设置密码格式 n:wifi名称;p:dd666666
var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
SetWifi(value);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置Wifi持久化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value"></param>
public static void SetWifi(string value)
{
var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
{
// 如果不是wifi配置则跳过
if (wifiValue[0].StartsWith("n:"))
{
var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
if (password.Length > 0)
{
ConfigHelper.SetWifi(value);
try
{
CancellationTokenSource cs = new(60000);
var success = WifiNetworkHelper.ConnectDhcp(name, password, requiresDateTime: true, token: cs.Token);
Debug.WriteLine("链接WIFI成功");
}
catch (Exception)
{
Debug.WriteLine("尝试链接WiFi失败");
}
}
}
}
}
public struct WifiModule
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}
}
public class ConfigHelper
{
private const string WifiName = "I:\\Wifi.ini";
public static void SetWifi(string value)
{
var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value);
var file = File.Exists(WifiName) ? new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write) : File.Create(WifiName);
file.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
file.Close();
}
public static WifiModule GetWifi()
{
if (File.Exists(WifiName))
{
var file = new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
if (file.Length > 0)
{
var bytes = new byte[file.Length];
file.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
file.Close();
var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
{
var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
return new WifiModule
{
Name = name,
Password = password,
};
}
}
file.Close();
}
return new WifiModule { Name = null, Password = null };
}
}
}
上面是所有的代码,下面将一步一步的讲解
当我们接收到信息的时候会触发_readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested
的事件_readWriteCharacteristic_WriteRequested
的代码如下,第一步先读取数据,然后接收读,在得到数据转换字符串,通过调用SetWifi
方法去解析设置WIFI
GattWriteRequest request = WriteRequestEventArgs.GetRequest();
var size = request.Value.Length;
// 从缓冲区解包数据
DataReader rdr = DataReader.FromBuffer(request.Value);
var buffer = new byte[request.Value.Length];
rdr.ReadBytes(buffer);
// 如果Write需要响应,则响应
if (request.Option == GattWriteOption.WriteWithResponse)
{
request.Respond();
}
// 定义设置密码格式 n:wifi名称;p:dd666666
var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
SetWifi(value);
SetWifi
,这里是用于解析数据格式并且处理持久化和链接WIFI
,wifi的格式也是规范好的n:wifi名称;p:WiFi密码
,不使用json格式从而减少包的依赖。
/// <summary>
/// 设置Wifi持久化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value"></param>
public static void SetWifi(string value)
{
var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
{
// 如果不是wifi配置则跳过
if (wifiValue[0].StartsWith("n:"))
{
var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
if (password.Length > 0)
{
ConfigHelper.SetWifi(value);
try
{
CancellationTokenSource cs = new(60000);
var success = WifiNetworkHelper.ConnectDhcp(name, password, requiresDateTime: true, token: cs.Token);
Debug.WriteLine("链接WIFI成功");
}
catch (Exception)
{
Debug.WriteLine("尝试链接WiFi失败");
}
}
}
}
}
ConfigHelper
则是操作文件将wifi的配置持久化,nanoframework
的文件系统默认是I
,文件路径则是I:\\Wifi.ini
这样就可以将数据持久化了。
public class ConfigHelper
{
private const string WifiName = "I:\\Wifi.ini";
public static void SetWifi(string value)
{
var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value);
var file = File.Exists(WifiName) ? new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write) : File.Create(WifiName);
file.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
file.Close();
}
public static WifiModule GetWifi()
{
if (File.Exists(WifiName))
{
var file = new FileStream(WifiName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
if (file.Length > 0)
{
var bytes = new byte[file.Length];
file.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
file.Close();
var value = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
var wifiValue = value.Split(';');
if (wifiValue.Length > 1)
{
var name = wifiValue[0].Substring(2);
var password = wifiValue[1].Substring(2);
return new WifiModule
{
Name = name,
Password = password,
};
}
}
file.Close();
}
return new WifiModule { Name = null, Password = null };
}
}
下面是程序运行的效果
这样就可以动态配置WIFI了,也可以用蓝牙做设备的初始化。
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