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# Thread Callback Generation **Ob_CALLBACK** structure is used to generate thread callbacks. It holds a list of entries, which represent callbacks that need to be executed on a specific thread. **Member Variables:** * **ListEntry** list holds callbacks. * **ULONGLONG** unknown field represents the thread ID. * **HANDLE** ObHandle field represents the callback handle. * **PVOID ObTypeAddr** pointer to the object type address. * **PVOID PreCall** pointer to the pre-call callback function. * **PVOID PostCall** pointer to the post-call callback function. **Method **generate()** is called on the **Ob_CALLBACK** structure to generate thread callbacks. It iterates over the list of entries and creates a new callback for each entry. **Example Usage:** ```c // Create a callback structure Ob_CALLBACK callback; callback.listEntry = &callback.listEntry; callback.ObTypeAddr = &callback.ObTypeAddr; callback.PreCall = &callback.PreCall; callback.PostCall = &callback.PostCall; // Generate thread callbacks generate(callback); ``` **Note:** The thread ID is stored in the **ULONGLONG** field of the callback structure. This ID can be used to identify the thread that needs to execute the callback.

正文

在笔者上一篇文章《驱动开发：内核枚举Registry注册表回调》中我们通过特征码定位实现了对注册表回调的枚举，本篇文章LyShark将教大家如何枚举系统中的ProcessObCall进程回调以及ThreadObCall线程回调，之所以放在一起来讲解是因为这两中回调在枚举是都需要使用通用结构体_OB_CALLBACK以及_OBJECT_TYPE所以放在一起来讲解最好不过。

我们来看一款闭源ARK工具是如何实现的：

首先我们需要定义好结构体，结构体是微软公开的，如果有其它需要请自行去微软官方去查。

typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER
{
	USHORT Length;                // Uint2B
	UCHAR ObjectTypeFlags;            // UChar
	ULONG ObjectTypeCode;             // Uint4B
	ULONG InvalidAttributes;          // Uint4B
	GENERIC_MAPPING GenericMapping;   // _GENERIC_MAPPING
	ULONG ValidAccessMask;       // Uint4B
	ULONG RetainAccess;         // Uint4B
	POOL_TYPE PoolType;        // _POOL_TYPE
	ULONG DefaultPagedPoolCharge;  // Uint4B
	ULONG DefaultNonPagedPoolCharge; // Uint4B
	PVOID DumpProcedure;       // Ptr64     void
	PVOID OpenProcedure;      // Ptr64     long
	PVOID CloseProcedure;     // Ptr64     void
	PVOID DeleteProcedure;        // Ptr64     void
	PVOID ParseProcedure;     // Ptr64     long
	PVOID SecurityProcedure;      // Ptr64     long
	PVOID QueryNameProcedure;     // Ptr64     long
	PVOID OkayToCloseProcedure;     // Ptr64     unsigned char
	ULONG WaitObjectFlagMask;     // Uint4B
	USHORT WaitObjectFlagOffset;    // Uint2B
	USHORT WaitObjectPointerOffset;   // Uint2B
}OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER, *POBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER;

typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE
{
	LIST_ENTRY TypeList;           // _LIST_ENTRY
	UNICODE_STRING Name;         // _UNICODE_STRING
	PVOID DefaultObject;         // Ptr64 Void
	UCHAR Index;             // UChar
	ULONG TotalNumberOfObjects;      // Uint4B
	ULONG TotalNumberOfHandles;      // Uint4B
	ULONG HighWaterNumberOfObjects;    // Uint4B
	ULONG HighWaterNumberOfHandles;    // Uint4B
	OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER TypeInfo;  // _OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER
	EX_PUSH_LOCK TypeLock;         // _EX_PUSH_LOCK
	ULONG Key;                 // Uint4B
	LIST_ENTRY CallbackList;       // _LIST_ENTRY
}OBJECT_TYPE, *POBJECT_TYPE;

#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct _OB_CALLBACK
{
	LIST_ENTRY ListEntry;
	ULONGLONG Unknown;
	HANDLE ObHandle;
	PVOID ObTypeAddr;
	PVOID PreCall;
	PVOID PostCall;
}OB_CALLBACK, *POB_CALLBACK;
#pragma pack()

代码部分的实现很容易，由于进程与线程句柄的枚举很容易，直接通过(POBJECT_TYPE)(*PsProcessType))->CallbackList就可以拿到链表头结构，得到后将其解析为POB_CALLBACK并循环输出即可。

// 署名权
// right to sign one's name on a piece of work
// PowerBy: LyShark
// Email: me@lyshark.com
#include <ntifs.h>
#include <wdm.h>
#include <ntddk.h>

typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER
{
	USHORT Length;                // Uint2B
	UCHAR ObjectTypeFlags;            // UChar
	ULONG ObjectTypeCode;             // Uint4B
	ULONG InvalidAttributes;          // Uint4B
	GENERIC_MAPPING GenericMapping;   // _GENERIC_MAPPING
	ULONG ValidAccessMask;       // Uint4B
	ULONG RetainAccess;         // Uint4B
	POOL_TYPE PoolType;        // _POOL_TYPE
	ULONG DefaultPagedPoolCharge;  // Uint4B
	ULONG DefaultNonPagedPoolCharge; // Uint4B
	PVOID DumpProcedure;       // Ptr64     void
	PVOID OpenProcedure;      // Ptr64     long
	PVOID CloseProcedure;     // Ptr64     void
	PVOID DeleteProcedure;        // Ptr64     void
	PVOID ParseProcedure;     // Ptr64     long
	PVOID SecurityProcedure;      // Ptr64     long
	PVOID QueryNameProcedure;     // Ptr64     long
	PVOID OkayToCloseProcedure;     // Ptr64     unsigned char
	ULONG WaitObjectFlagMask;     // Uint4B
	USHORT WaitObjectFlagOffset;    // Uint2B
	USHORT WaitObjectPointerOffset;   // Uint2B
}OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER, *POBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER;

typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE
{
	LIST_ENTRY TypeList;           // _LIST_ENTRY
	UNICODE_STRING Name;         // _UNICODE_STRING
	PVOID DefaultObject;         // Ptr64 Void
	UCHAR Index;             // UChar
	ULONG TotalNumberOfObjects;      // Uint4B
	ULONG TotalNumberOfHandles;      // Uint4B
	ULONG HighWaterNumberOfObjects;    // Uint4B
	ULONG HighWaterNumberOfHandles;    // Uint4B
	OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER TypeInfo;  // _OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER
	EX_PUSH_LOCK TypeLock;         // _EX_PUSH_LOCK
	ULONG Key;                 // Uint4B
	LIST_ENTRY CallbackList;       // _LIST_ENTRY
}OBJECT_TYPE, *POBJECT_TYPE;

#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct _OB_CALLBACK
{
	LIST_ENTRY ListEntry;
	ULONGLONG Unknown;
	HANDLE ObHandle;
	PVOID ObTypeAddr;
	PVOID PreCall;
	PVOID PostCall;
}OB_CALLBACK, *POB_CALLBACK;
#pragma pack()

VOID DriverUnload(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject)
{
}

NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING pRegPath)
{
	NTSTATUS status = STATUS_SUCCESS;

	DbgPrint("hello lyshark.com \n");

	POB_CALLBACK pObCallback = NULL;

	// 直接获取 CallbackList 链表
	LIST_ENTRY CallbackList = ((POBJECT_TYPE)(*PsProcessType))->CallbackList;

	// 开始遍历
	pObCallback = (POB_CALLBACK)CallbackList.Flink;
	do
	{
		if (FALSE == MmIsAddressValid(pObCallback))
		{
			break;
		}
		if (NULL != pObCallback->ObHandle)
		{
			// 显示
			DbgPrint("[LyShark.com] ObHandle = %p | PreCall = %p | PostCall = %p \n", pObCallback->ObHandle, pObCallback->PreCall, pObCallback->PostCall);

		}
		// 获取下一链表信息
		pObCallback = (POB_CALLBACK)pObCallback->ListEntry.Flink;

	} while (CallbackList.Flink != (PLIST_ENTRY)pObCallback);
	return status;
}

运行这段驱动程序，即可得到进程句柄回调:

当然了如上是进程句柄的枚举，如果是想要输出线程句柄，则只需要替换代码中的PsProcessType为((POBJECT_TYPE)(*PsThreadType))->CallbackList即可，修改后的代码如下。

// 署名权
// right to sign one's name on a piece of work
// PowerBy: LyShark
// Email: me@lyshark.com
#include <ntifs.h>
#include <wdm.h>
#include <ntddk.h>

typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER
{
	USHORT Length;                // Uint2B
	UCHAR ObjectTypeFlags;            // UChar
	ULONG ObjectTypeCode;             // Uint4B
	ULONG InvalidAttributes;          // Uint4B
	GENERIC_MAPPING GenericMapping;   // _GENERIC_MAPPING
	ULONG ValidAccessMask;       // Uint4B
	ULONG RetainAccess;         // Uint4B
	POOL_TYPE PoolType;        // _POOL_TYPE
	ULONG DefaultPagedPoolCharge;  // Uint4B
	ULONG DefaultNonPagedPoolCharge; // Uint4B
	PVOID DumpProcedure;       // Ptr64     void
	PVOID OpenProcedure;      // Ptr64     long
	PVOID CloseProcedure;     // Ptr64     void
	PVOID DeleteProcedure;        // Ptr64     void
	PVOID ParseProcedure;     // Ptr64     long
	PVOID SecurityProcedure;      // Ptr64     long
	PVOID QueryNameProcedure;     // Ptr64     long
	PVOID OkayToCloseProcedure;     // Ptr64     unsigned char
	ULONG WaitObjectFlagMask;     // Uint4B
	USHORT WaitObjectFlagOffset;    // Uint2B
	USHORT WaitObjectPointerOffset;   // Uint2B
}OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER, *POBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER;

typedef struct _OBJECT_TYPE
{
	LIST_ENTRY TypeList;           // _LIST_ENTRY
	UNICODE_STRING Name;         // _UNICODE_STRING
	PVOID DefaultObject;         // Ptr64 Void
	UCHAR Index;             // UChar
	ULONG TotalNumberOfObjects;      // Uint4B
	ULONG TotalNumberOfHandles;      // Uint4B
	ULONG HighWaterNumberOfObjects;    // Uint4B
	ULONG HighWaterNumberOfHandles;    // Uint4B
	OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER TypeInfo;  // _OBJECT_TYPE_INITIALIZER
	EX_PUSH_LOCK TypeLock;         // _EX_PUSH_LOCK
	ULONG Key;                 // Uint4B
	LIST_ENTRY CallbackList;       // _LIST_ENTRY
}OBJECT_TYPE, *POBJECT_TYPE;

#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct _OB_CALLBACK
{
	LIST_ENTRY ListEntry;
	ULONGLONG Unknown;
	HANDLE ObHandle;
	PVOID ObTypeAddr;
	PVOID PreCall;
	PVOID PostCall;
}OB_CALLBACK, *POB_CALLBACK;
#pragma pack()

// 移除回调
NTSTATUS RemoveObCallback(PVOID RegistrationHandle)
{
  ObUnRegisterCallbacks(RegistrationHandle);

  return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

VOID DriverUnload(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject)
{
}

NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING pRegPath)
{
	NTSTATUS status = STATUS_SUCCESS;

	DbgPrint("hello lyshark.com \n");

	POB_CALLBACK pObCallback = NULL;

	// 直接获取 CallbackList 链表
	LIST_ENTRY CallbackList = ((POBJECT_TYPE)(*PsThreadType))->CallbackList;

	// 开始遍历
	pObCallback = (POB_CALLBACK)CallbackList.Flink;
	do
	{
		if (FALSE == MmIsAddressValid(pObCallback))
		{
			break;
		}
		if (NULL != pObCallback->ObHandle)
		{
			// 显示
			DbgPrint("[LyShark] ObHandle = %p | PreCall = %p | PostCall = %p \n", pObCallback->ObHandle, pObCallback->PreCall, pObCallback->PostCall);
		}
		// 获取下一链表信息
		pObCallback = (POB_CALLBACK)pObCallback->ListEntry.Flink;

	} while (CallbackList.Flink != (PLIST_ENTRY)pObCallback);

	return status;
}

运行这段驱动程序，即可得到线程句柄回调: