远程线程注入是最常用的一种注入技术,在应用层注入是通过CreateRemoteThread
这个函数实现的,该函数通过创建线程并调用 LoadLibrary
动态载入指定的DLL来实现注入,而在内核层同样存在一个类似的内核函数RtlCreateUserThread
,但需要注意的是此函数未被公开,RtlCreateUserThread
其实是对NtCreateThreadEx
的包装,但最终会调用ZwCreateThread
来实现注入,RtlCreateUserThread
是CreateRemoteThread
的底层实现。
基于LoadLibrary实现的注入原理可以具体分为如下几步;
AllocMemory
,在对端应用层开辟空间,函数封装来源于《内核远程堆分配与销毁》
章节;MDLWriteMemory
,将DLL路径字符串写出到对端内存,函数封装来源于《内核MDL读写进程内存》
章节;GetUserModuleAddress
,获取到kernel32.dll
模块基址,函数封装来源于《内核远程线程实现DLL注入》
章节;GetModuleExportAddress
,获取到LoadLibraryW
函数的内存地址,函数封装来源于《内核远程线程实现DLL注入》
章节;MyCreateRemoteThread
,将应用层DLL动态转载到进程内,实现DLL注入;总结起来就是首先在目标进程申请一块空间,空间里面写入要注入的DLL的路径字符串或者是一段ShellCode,找到该内存中LoadLibrary
的基址并传入到RtlCreateUserThread
中,此时进程自动加载我们指定路径下的DLL文件。
注入依赖于RtlCreateUserThread
这个未到处内核函数,该内核函数中最需要关心的参数是ProcessHandle
用于接收进程句柄,StartAddress
接收一个函数地址,StartParameter
用于对函数传递参数,具体的函数原型如下所示;
typedef DWORD(WINAPI* pRtlCreateUserThread)(
IN HANDLE ProcessHandle, // 进程句柄
IN PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor,
IN BOOL CreateSuspended,
IN ULONG StackZeroBits,
IN OUT PULONG StackReserved,
IN OUT PULONG StackCommit,
IN LPVOID StartAddress, // 执行函数地址 LoadLibraryW
IN LPVOID StartParameter, // 参数传递
OUT HANDLE ThreadHandle, // 线程句柄
OUT LPVOID ClientID
);
由于我们加载DLL使用的是LoadLibraryW
函数,此函数在运行时只需要一个参数,我们可以将DLL的路径传递进去,并调用LoadLibraryW
以此来将特定模块拉起,该函数的定义规范如下所示;
HMODULE LoadLibraryW(
[in] LPCWSTR lpLibFileName
);
根据上一篇文章中针对注入头文件lyshark.h
的封装,本章将继续使用这个头文件中的函数,首先我们实现这样一个功能,将一段准备好的UCHAR
字符串动态的写出到应用层进程内存,并以宽字节模式写出在对端内存中,这段代码可以写为如下样子;
// 署名权
// right to sign one's name on a piece of work
// PowerBy: LyShark
// Email: me@lyshark.com
#include "lyshark.h"
// 驱动卸载例程
VOID UnDriver(PDRIVER_OBJECT driver)
{
DbgPrint("Uninstall Driver \n");
}
// 驱动入口地址
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(IN PDRIVER_OBJECT Driver, PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath)
{
DbgPrint("Hello LyShark \n");
DWORD process_id = 7112;
DWORD create_size = 1024;
DWORD64 ref_address = 0;
// 分配内存堆 《内核远程堆分配与销毁》 核心代码
NTSTATUS Status = AllocMemory(process_id, create_size, &ref_address);
DbgPrint("对端进程: %d \n", process_id);
DbgPrint("分配长度: %d \n", create_size);
DbgPrint("[*] 分配内核堆基址: %p \n", ref_address);
UCHAR DllPath[256] = "C:\\hook.dll";
UCHAR Item[256] = { 0 };
// 将字节转为双字
for (int x = 0, y = 0; x < strlen(DllPath) * 2; x += 2, y++)
{
Item[x] = DllPath[y];
}
// 写出内存 《内核MDL读写进程内存》 核心代码
ReadMemoryStruct ptr;
ptr.pid = process_id;
ptr.address = ref_address;
ptr.size = strlen(DllPath) * 2;
// 需要写入的数据
ptr.data = ExAllocatePool(PagedPool, ptr.size);
// 循环设置
for (int i = 0; i < ptr.size; i++)
{
ptr.data[i] = Item[i];
}
// 写内存
MDLWriteMemory(&ptr);
Driver->DriverUnload = UnDriver;
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
运行如上方所示的代码,将会在目标进程7112
中开辟一段内存空间,并写出C:\hook.dll
字符串,运行效果图如下所示;
此处你可以通过x64dbg
附加到应用层进程内,并观察内存0000000002200000
会看到如下字符串已被写出,双字类型则是每一个字符空一格,效果图如下所示;
继续实现所需要的子功能,实现动态获取Kernel32.dll
模块里面LiadLibraryW
这个导出函数的内存地址,这段代码相信你可以很容易的写出来,根据上节课的知识点我们可以二次封装一个GetProcessAddress
来实现对特定模块基址的获取功能,如下是完整代码案例;
// 署名权
// right to sign one's name on a piece of work
// PowerBy: LyShark
// Email: me@lyshark.com
#include "lyshark.h"
// 实现取模块基址
PVOID GetProcessAddress(HANDLE ProcessID, PWCHAR DllName, PCCHAR FunctionName)
{
PEPROCESS EProcess = NULL;
NTSTATUS Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
KAPC_STATE ApcState;
PVOID RefAddress = 0;
// 根据PID得到进程EProcess结构
Status = PsLookupProcessByProcessId(ProcessID, &EProcess);
if (Status != STATUS_SUCCESS)
{
return Status;
}
// 判断目标进程是32位还是64位
BOOLEAN IsWow64 = (PsGetProcessWow64Process(EProcess) != NULL) ? TRUE : FALSE;
// 验证地址是否可读
if (!MmIsAddressValid(EProcess))
{
return NULL;
}
// 将当前线程连接到目标进程的地址空间(附加进程)
KeStackAttachProcess((PRKPROCESS)EProcess, &ApcState);
__try
{
UNICODE_STRING DllUnicodeString = { 0 };
PVOID BaseAddress = NULL;
// 得到进程内模块基地址
RtlInitUnicodeString(&DllUnicodeString, DllName);
BaseAddress = GetUserModuleAddress(EProcess, &DllUnicodeString, IsWow64);
if (!BaseAddress)
{
return NULL;
}
DbgPrint("[*] 模块基址: %p \n", BaseAddress);
// 得到该函数地址
RefAddress = GetModuleExportAddress(BaseAddress, FunctionName, EProcess);
DbgPrint("[*] 函数地址: %p \n", RefAddress);
}
__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
{
return NULL;
}
// 取消附加
KeUnstackDetachProcess(&ApcState);
return RefAddress;
}
VOID Unload(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObj)
{
DbgPrint("[-] 驱动卸载 \n");
}
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING RegPath)
{
DbgPrint("Hello LyShark.com \n");
// 取模块基址
PVOID pLoadLibraryW = GetProcessAddress(5200, L"kernel32.dll", "LoadLibraryW");
DbgPrint("[*] 所在内存地址 = %p \n", pLoadLibraryW);
DriverObject->DriverUnload = Unload;
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
编译并运行如上驱动代码,将自动获取PID=5200
进程中Kernel32.dll
模块内的LoadLibraryW
的内存地址,输出效果图如下所示;
实现注入的最后一步就是调用自定义函数MyCreateRemoteThread
该函数实现原理是调用RtlCreateUserThread
开线程执行,这段代码的最终实现如下所示;
// 署名权
// right to sign one's name on a piece of work
// PowerBy: LyShark
// Email: me@lyshark.com
#include "lyshark.h"
// 定义函数指针
typedef PVOID(NTAPI* PfnRtlCreateUserThread)
(
IN HANDLE ProcessHandle,
IN PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR SecurityDescriptor,
IN BOOLEAN CreateSuspended,
IN ULONG StackZeroBits,
IN OUT size_t StackReserved,
IN OUT size_t StackCommit,
IN PVOID StartAddress,
IN PVOID StartParameter,
OUT PHANDLE ThreadHandle,
OUT PCLIENT_ID ClientID
);
// 实现取模块基址
PVOID GetProcessAddress(HANDLE ProcessID, PWCHAR DllName, PCCHAR FunctionName)
{
PEPROCESS EProcess = NULL;
NTSTATUS Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
KAPC_STATE ApcState;
PVOID RefAddress = 0;
// 根据PID得到进程EProcess结构
Status = PsLookupProcessByProcessId(ProcessID, &EProcess);
if (Status != STATUS_SUCCESS)
{
return Status;
}
// 判断目标进程是32位还是64位
BOOLEAN IsWow64 = (PsGetProcessWow64Process(EProcess) != NULL) ? TRUE : FALSE;
// 验证地址是否可读
if (!MmIsAddressValid(EProcess))
{
return NULL;
}
// 将当前线程连接到目标进程的地址空间(附加进程)
KeStackAttachProcess((PRKPROCESS)EProcess, &ApcState);
__try
{
UNICODE_STRING DllUnicodeString = { 0 };
PVOID BaseAddress = NULL;
// 得到进程内模块基地址
RtlInitUnicodeString(&DllUnicodeString, DllName);
BaseAddress = GetUserModuleAddress(EProcess, &DllUnicodeString, IsWow64);
if (!BaseAddress)
{
return NULL;
}
DbgPrint("[*] 模块基址: %p \n", BaseAddress);
// 得到该函数地址
RefAddress = GetModuleExportAddress(BaseAddress, FunctionName, EProcess);
DbgPrint("[*] 函数地址: %p \n", RefAddress);
}
__except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER)
{
return NULL;
}
// 取消附加
KeUnstackDetachProcess(&ApcState);
return RefAddress;
}
// 远程线程注入函数
BOOLEAN MyCreateRemoteThread(ULONG pid, PVOID pRing3Address, PVOID PParam)
{
NTSTATUS status = STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
PEPROCESS pEProcess = NULL;
KAPC_STATE ApcState = { 0 };
PfnRtlCreateUserThread RtlCreateUserThread = NULL;
HANDLE hThread = 0;
__try
{
// 获取RtlCreateUserThread函数的内存地址
UNICODE_STRING ustrRtlCreateUserThread;
RtlInitUnicodeString(&ustrRtlCreateUserThread, L"RtlCreateUserThread");
RtlCreateUserThread = (PfnRtlCreateUserThread)MmGetSystemRoutineAddress(&ustrRtlCreateUserThread);
if (RtlCreateUserThread == NULL)
{
return FALSE;
}
// 根据进程PID获取进程EProcess结构
status = PsLookupProcessByProcessId((HANDLE)pid, &pEProcess);
if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
{
return FALSE;
}
// 附加到目标进程内
KeStackAttachProcess(pEProcess, &ApcState);
// 验证进程是否可读写
if (!MmIsAddressValid(pRing3Address))
{
return FALSE;
}
// 启动注入线程
status = RtlCreateUserThread(ZwCurrentProcess(),
NULL,
FALSE,
0,
0,
0,
pRing3Address,
PParam,
&hThread,
NULL);
if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
{
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
__finally
{
// 释放对象
if (pEProcess != NULL)
{
ObDereferenceObject(pEProcess);
pEProcess = NULL;
}
// 取消附加进程
KeUnstackDetachProcess(&ApcState);
}
return FALSE;
}
VOID Unload(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObj)
{
DbgPrint("[-] 驱动卸载 \n");
}
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING RegPath)
{
DbgPrint("Hello LyShark.com \n");
ULONG process_id = 5200;
DWORD create_size = 1024;
DWORD64 ref_address = 0;
// -------------------------------------------------------
// 取模块基址
// -------------------------------------------------------
PVOID pLoadLibraryW = GetProcessAddress(process_id, L"kernel32.dll", "LoadLibraryW");
DbgPrint("[*] 所在内存地址 = %p \n", pLoadLibraryW);
// -------------------------------------------------------
// 应用层开堆
// -------------------------------------------------------
NTSTATUS Status = AllocMemory(process_id, create_size, &ref_address);
DbgPrint("对端进程: %d \n", process_id);
DbgPrint("分配长度: %d \n", create_size);
DbgPrint("分配的内核堆基址: %p \n", ref_address);
// 设置注入路径,转换为多字节
UCHAR DllPath[256] = "C:\\lyshark_hook.dll";
UCHAR Item[256] = { 0 };
for (int x = 0, y = 0; x < strlen(DllPath) * 2; x += 2, y++)
{
Item[x] = DllPath[y];
}
// -------------------------------------------------------
// 写出数据到内存
// -------------------------------------------------------
ReadMemoryStruct ptr;
ptr.pid = process_id;
ptr.address = ref_address;
ptr.size = strlen(DllPath) * 2;
// 需要写入的数据
ptr.data = ExAllocatePool(PagedPool, ptr.size);
// 循环设置
for (int i = 0; i < ptr.size; i++)
{
ptr.data[i] = Item[i];
}
// 写内存
MDLWriteMemory(&ptr);
// -------------------------------------------------------
// 执行开线程函数
// -------------------------------------------------------
// 执行线程注入
// 参数1:PID
// 参数2:LoadLibraryW内存地址
// 参数3:当前DLL路径
BOOLEAN flag = MyCreateRemoteThread(process_id, pLoadLibraryW, ref_address);
if (flag == TRUE)
{
DbgPrint("[*] 已完成进程 %d 注入文件 %s \n", process_id, DllPath);
}
DriverObject->DriverUnload = Unload;
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
编译这段驱动程序,并将其放入虚拟机中,在C盘下面放置好一个名为lyshark_hook.dll
文件,运行驱动程序将自动插入DLL到Win32Project
进程内,输出效果图如下所示;
回到应用层进程,则可看到如下图所示的注入成功提示信息;