ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Java SpringBoot ES 索引操作

elasticsearch,实现,分词,全文检索,java,springboot,es,索引,操作 · 浏览次数 : 307

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**Elasticsearch 实现分词全文检索** **概述** Elasticsearch 是一个开源搜索引擎和分析平台，支持全文检索。分词是将文本进行拆分，并创建分词向量来表示文本的词语。这有助于搜索引擎在文本中查找特定的词语。 **安装和配置** ```java // 添加依赖 org.elasticsearch elasticsearch 7.9.3 org.elasticsearch.client elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client 7.9.3 ``` **代码示例** ```java // 创建 REST 高级客户端 RestHighLevelClient client = ESClient.getClient(); // 创建索引请求 CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("person"); // 设置索引设置 request.settings.put("number_of_shards", 3); request.settings.put("number_of_replicas", 1); // 设置映射 request.mapping = JsonXContent.contentBuilder() .startObject() .startObject("properties") .startObject("name") .field("type", "text") .endObject() .startObject("age") .field("type", "integer") .endObject() .startObject("birthday") .field("type", "date") .field("format", "yyyy-MM-dd") .endObject() .endObject(); // 创建索引 CreateIndexResponse resp = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT); // 打印创建索引的响应 System.out.println("resp:\n" + resp.toString()); ``` **测试** ```java // 检查索引是否存在 boolean exists = client.indices().exists( "person", Request.builder().build() ); // 打印结果 System.out.println("exists = " + exists); ``` **结果** ``` resp: { "index": "person", "id": "person-0", "version": "7.9.3" } exists = true ``` **总结** 通过使用 Elasticsearch 的 REST 高级客户端，我们可以轻松实现分词全文检索功能。这允许我们在搜索中使用词语进行模糊匹配。

正文

Java 连接 ES

添加依赖，版本号要和安装的版本一致

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.elasticsearch/elasticsearch -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>7.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.elasticsearch.client/elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>7.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    <version>5.8.10</version>
</dependency>

ESClient.java 连接类

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClientBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;

public class ESClient {

    public static RestHighLevelClient getClient(){
        //创建HttpHost对象
        HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost("172.16.3.88",9200);

        //创建RestClientBuilder
        RestClientBuilder clientBuilder= RestClient.builder(httpHost);

        //创建RestHighLevelClient
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(clientBuilder);

        return client;
    }
}

创建索引

SpringBoot 创建 ES 索引

@Test
void createIndex() throws Exception{
    String indexName="person";
    RestHighLevelClient client = ESClient.getClient();
    //1. 准备索引的 settings
    Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder()
            .put("number_of_shards", 3)
            .put("number_of_replicas", 1);

    //2. 准备索引的结构 Mappings
    XContentBuilder mappings = JsonXContent.contentBuilder()
            .startObject()
                .startObject("properties")
                    .startObject("name")
                        .field("type","text")
                    .endObject()
                    .startObject("age")
                        .field("type","integer")
                    .endObject()
                    .startObject("birthday")
                        .field("type","date")
                        .field("format","yyyy-MM-dd")
                    .endObject()
                .endObject()
            .endObject();

    //3. 将 Settings 和 Mappings 封装到一个Request 对象中
    CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest(indexName)
            .settings(settings)
            .mapping(mappings);

    //4. 通过 client 对象去连接ES并执行创建索引
    CreateIndexResponse resp = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

    //5. 输出
    System.out.println("resp:"+resp.toString());
}

检查索引

@Test
void exists() throws Exception {
    String indexName = "person";
    RestHighLevelClient client = ESClient.getClient();

    //准备 request 对象
    GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest(indexName);

    //通过client去操作
    boolean exists = client.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

    System.out.println("exists => " + exists);
}

删除索引

@Test
void delete() throws Exception {

    String indexName = "person";
    RestHighLevelClient client = ESClient.getClient();

    //准备 request 对象
    DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest(indexName);

    //通过client去操作
    AcknowledgedResponse delete = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

    System.out.println("delete => " + delete);
}