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## Pytest Marker without Registration This document explains the problem with `pytest.mark.login` not registering a marker and provides two possible solutions. ### Problem The `pytest.mark.login` marker does not work as expected when used without registering it first. This can cause a `pytestUnknownMarkWarning` warning. **Solution 1: Use `pytest_configure`** The `pytest_configure` function allows you to define custom configurations for pytest. You can use this function to set the `markers` option, which will be used to find and run tests that match the specified keyword. **Example:** ```python pytest_configure(config) config.addinivalue_line("markers", "login: login test demo") ``` **Solution 2: Use `mark` with specific keyword** Another option is to use the `mark` keyword with a specific keyword, such as `login` in this case. This will only run tests that match that keyword, regardless of its case. **Example:** ```python @pytest.mark.login def test_demo(): assert True @pytest.mark.logout def test_demo2(): assert True ``` **Note:** * `-m` is not a recommended way to specify markers in `pytest.ini`. It is more suitable for specific use cases. * `pytest_configure` is preferred over `pytest.mark` for defining marker configurations. By understanding these methods, you can effectively use markers to control which tests are run in your pytest tests.

正文

浅谈Pytest中的marker

没有注册marker

• 我们写一个简单的测试

# test_demo.py
import pytest

@pytest.mark.login
def test_demo():
    assert True

• 你运行的话会有如下提示

test_demo.py:4: PytestUnknownMarkWarning: Unknown pytest.mark.login - is this a typo?  You can register custom marks to avoid this warning - for details, see https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/how-to/mark.html
    @pytest.mark.login

-- Docs: https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/how-to/capture-warnings.html

• 上面两个文档值得你的仔细阅读

注册marker方式一：pytest.ini

• 新建一个文件pytest.ini(在哪里创建?你应该要知道，跟你的项目结构有关)，写入如下内容

[pytest]
markers:
    login: login test demo

• 再次运行就不会有PytestUnknownMarkWarning

注册marker方式二：pytest_configure

• 创建一个conftest.py

  def pytest_configure(config):
      config.addinivalue_line(
          "markers", "login: login test demo"
      )
  

• 效果是一样的

带marker运行

• 通过命令行参数-m即可

• 比如现在有这个case

  import pytest
  
  @pytest.mark.login
  def test_demo1():
      assert True
  
  @pytest.mark.logout
  def test_demo2():
      assert True
  

• contest.py

  def pytest_configure(config):
      config.addinivalue_line("markers", "login: login test demo",)
      config.addinivalue_line("markers", "logout: logout test demo")# 注意一个marker要写一个addinivalue_line
  

• 运行的时候带上-m login即可选择登录用例进行测试

• 而-m的语法还比较复杂，可以参考-k的

  general:
    -k EXPRESSION  
    only run tests which match the given substring expression. An expression is a python evaluatable
    expression where all names are substring-matched against test names and their parent classes.
    Example: -k 'test_method or test_other' matches all test functions and classes whose name
    contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' matches those that don't
    contain 'test_method' in their names. -k 'not test_method and not test_other' will eliminate the
    matches. Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions containing extra names in
    their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as functions which have names assigned directly to
    them. The matching is case-insensitive.
  
  

  -m MARKEXPR   only run tests matching given mark expression.For example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
  

关于marker的其他

• 查询markers

  pytest --markers
  
  # 能查到当前注册的markers
  

---

• 命令行参数--strict-markers

  pytest.main(['-sv','--strict-markers',__file__])   # 强制markers必须要注册
  

• 或者放pytest.ini中

  [pytest]
  addopts = --strict-markers   
  

• 会产生如下信息

  =================================== ERRORS ====================================
  ________________________ ERROR collecting test_demo.py ________________________
  'login' not found in `markers` configuration option
  =========================== short test summary info ===========================
  ERROR test_demo.py
  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
  ============================== 1 error in 0.08s ===============================
  

---

• marker是pytest中pick用例的多种方式之一(-m)，其他pick用例的方式比如-k，--allure的几个

    --allure-severities=SEVERITIES_SET
    --allure-epics=EPICS_SET
    --allure-features=FEATURES_SET
    --allure-stories=STORIES_SET
    --allure-ids=IDS_SET  Comma-separated list of IDs.
    --allure-link-pattern=LINK_TYPE:LINK_PATTERN
  

---

pytest中处理warning的方式考虑单独开个章节讲下 TODO